{"id":907,"date":"2025-08-18T16:45:38","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T21:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/team.cfsph.iastate.edu\/?page_id=907"},"modified":"2026-06-30T11:56:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T16:56:48","slug":"fleas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/fleas\/","title":{"rendered":"Fleas Affecting Animal Health"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"importance\" class=\"wp-block-group has-border-color has-palette-color-10-border-color has-palette-color-9-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-width:1px\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95ee5c43bd593568d107dd6a1519f611\">Importance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There are over 2,000 species of fleas found worldwide. Only about 20 species affect people or domestic animals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Animals with flea infestations may be intensely itchy. Fleas can also cause hair loss, flea allergy dermatitis, anemia, and death in severe cases (particularly in young animals). Fleas may be vectors of highly contagious, foreign, or reportable diseases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Foreign vectors and foreign animal diseases (FADs) are not found in the United States and can threaten human and animal health. FADs can be introduced to the United States, so animal owners and veterinary personnel have a key role in recognizing and reporting FADs to animal and public health officials. Early signs of flea-related FADs may include:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Unusual flea appearance or large infestations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L<span style=\"background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-9, #f8fbfc)\">arge number of sick or dead animals<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unusual signs of illness (like fever, enlarged lymph nodes, and sudden death)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"about\" class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ea8149a4 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e327b6168ef6987270d49c596ad6ece3\">About Fleas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fleas are tiny, wingless insects that live their entire life parasitizing animals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fleas have four life stages.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Adults feed on blood, mate, and lay eggs on a host<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eggs may fall off the host and into the environment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Larvae and pupae develop indoors or in protected outdoor sites away from direct sunlight.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fleas usually live for about two or three months.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Adults live most of their lives on a host.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Immature stages contaminate the surrounding environment and can survive for months.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some fleas are host-specific and prefer to feed on one type of animal. Other fleas will feed on a wide range of hosts, including people.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flea activity is highest in summer months, but can be year-round in warmer climates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fleas are transmitted from one animal to another through direct contact or fomites (such as bedding and grooming tools).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a7b32112dbaf&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a7b32112dbaf\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1140\" height=\"800\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-02-life-cycle.jpg\" alt=\"Life cycle of the flea includes egg, larva, pupa, and adult.\" class=\"wp-image-932\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-02-life-cycle.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-02-life-cycle-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-02-life-cycle-1024x719.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-02-life-cycle-768x539.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"identification\" class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2dd8454532fce79cda93e86c8bd0dd8c\">Identification of Fleas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-65e523f9 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:55%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fleas are tiny but may be seen with the naked eye. Many can be identified by their appearance and animal host.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Determining the species may be difficult or impossible without the help of a dissecting microscope or trained entomologist.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adult fleas have hard, narrow bodies with large hind legs for jumping large distances.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The shape of the head varies by species.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The number and appearance of combs (dark, comb-like bristles) also varies by species. The genal comb is located below the eye, like a moustache. The pronotal comb is located behind the head, like a collar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pupae are sticky, like cocoons, and may be white or brown depending on their stage of development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Larvae are slender, worm-like, and pale in color.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eggs are white and oval, similar to grains of salt, and may be sticky after they are laid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Identification keys and flea experts can be consulted for further details.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:45%\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a7b32112e61c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a7b32112e61c\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1140\" height=\"1250\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-03-anatomy.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration of a flea showing the major body parts including head, eye, mouthparts, genal comb, and pronotal comb.\" class=\"wp-image-933\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-03-anatomy.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-03-anatomy-274x300.jpg 274w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-03-anatomy-934x1024.jpg 934w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-03-anatomy-768x842.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"species\" class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3afbc5c59171607bc2d893921bcd06e5\">Fleas of Animal Health Concern<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The fleas listed below are common species in the United States. In certain areas, these fleas may transmit pathogens. Some examples of diseases are listed as well. Endemic diseases in animals may or may not be reportable, depending on the jurisdiction. Learn more about recognizing and reporting highly contagious, foreign, and reportable diseases at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/infection-control\/foreign-animal-diseases\/\">CFSPH: FAD Prevention<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-palette-color-9-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-850021ba wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:300px\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a7b32112ee99&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a7b32112ee99\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1052\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-04-cat-flea.jpg\" alt=\"Microscopic view of cat flea.\" class=\"wp-image-934\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-04-cat-flea.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-04-cat-flea-300x263.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-04-cat-flea-1024x898.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-04-cat-flea-768x673.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em>crispychris28, iNaturalist, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY-NC-4.0<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0dbeee19 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<p><strong>Name<\/strong>: <em><strong><em>Ctenocephalides felis<\/em><\/strong><\/em> (Cat Flea)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics<\/strong>: Genal and pronotal combs present, head length twice its height.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hosts and Distribution<\/strong>: Primarily cats, but other animals (including humans) may be hosts; worldwide distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-e44ade59 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2f7f1a5d wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:0\">\n<p><strong>Endemic Diseases<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bartonellosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Flea-borne spotted fever<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murine typhus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mycoplasmosis <br>Tapeworm (<em>Dipylidium caninum<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-palette-color-9-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-850021ba wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:300px\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a7b32112f8f1&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a7b32112f8f1\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"607\" height=\"588\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-05-human-flea.jpg\" alt=\"Microscopic view of human flea.\" class=\"wp-image-935\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-05-human-flea.jpg 607w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-05-human-flea-300x291.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em>Katja ZSM, Wikimedia, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0dbeee19 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<p><strong>Name<\/strong>: <em><strong><em>Pulex irritans<\/em><\/strong><\/em> (Human Flea)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics<\/strong>: Genal and pronotal combs absent, rounded head, ocular bristle below eye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hosts and Distribution<\/strong>: Primarily humans, but other animals may be hosts; worldwide distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-e44ade59 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2f7f1a5d wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:0\">\n<p><strong>Endemic Diseases<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Flea-borne spotted fever<br>Murine typhus <br>Plague<br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-palette-color-9-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-850021ba wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:300px\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a7b3211303c3&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a7b3211303c3\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1118\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-06-oriental-rat-flea.jpg\" alt=\"Microscopic view of Oriental Rat Flea.\" class=\"wp-image-936\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-06-oriental-rat-flea.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-06-oriental-rat-flea-300x280.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-06-oriental-rat-flea-1024x954.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/EA-Fleas-06-oriental-rat-flea-768x716.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em>Olha Schedrina\/The Natural History Museum, Wikimedia, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0dbeee19 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<p><strong>Name<\/strong>: <em><strong><em>Xenopsylla cheopis<\/em><\/strong><\/em> (Oriental Rat Flea)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics<\/strong>: Genal and pronotal combs absent, rounded head, ocular bristle behind eye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hosts and Distribution<\/strong>: Primarily rodents but other animals (including humans) may be hosts; worldwide distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-e44ade59 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2f7f1a5d wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:0\">\n<p><strong>Endemic Diseases<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murine typhus <br>Plague<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"collection\" class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4c2256b4 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8eb77903 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100px\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/collection-submission-icon.png\" alt=\"Microscope icon\" class=\"wp-image-885\" style=\"width:75px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/collection-submission-icon.png 300w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/collection-submission-icon-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6f35607ee96845bc791dfa5095d408e2\">Collection and Submission of Fleas<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To check an animal for fleas, restrain the animal and part its hair to look for eggs or adults near the skin. Preferred sites vary by animal species and type of flea.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Flea dirt (excreted blood) may be visible on an animal\u2019s haircoat or skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A fine-toothed comb and damp towel may be useful to reveal fleas and \u201cflea dirt\u201d as water will turn black debris into reddish-brown specks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>History and clinical signs can be helpful for presumptive diagnosis. However, fleas of concern should be collected for identification to ensure effective control measures are used.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fleas can be placed in a labeled, sealed, leak-proof container with 70-90% ethanol. Rubbing alcohol, hand sanitizer, or clear cocktail alcohol (80 proof or higher) will also work, if needed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Always label specimens with host (if applicable), location collected from the body or environment, and date of collection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Laboratories and shipping companies may have specific instructions for you to follow.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For additional tips, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/submit-vectors-for-identification\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"691\">How to Submit Vectors for Identification<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"control\" class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4c2256b4 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8eb77903 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100px\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/control-prevention-icon.png\" alt=\"Restriction sign icon\" class=\"wp-image-886\" style=\"width:75px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/control-prevention-icon.png 300w, https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/control-prevention-icon-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e2637354cf43d4989e42a7f5c2951f8c\">Control and Prevention of Fleas<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Flea populations can be managed by disrupting their life cycle and habitat. \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For prompt detection and control, continuously monitor animals for flea infestations and frequently inspect animal bedding and grooming tools for fleas and flea dirt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A variety of flea control products are available for animals, including oral medications, topical pour-ons, and sprays\/dips. Be sure to choose a product with an EPA registration number (topicals) or FDA (A)NADA number (orals).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read the product label carefully to make sure it is effective against fleas and safe for the species and age of animal to be treated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Treat all affected animals for at least two to three consecutive months to kill newly hatched fleas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Environmental measures are an important step in controlling flea infestations.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vacuum affected areas daily and dispose of any vacuum cleaner bag promptly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wash and dry affected animal bedding, rugs, and washable items.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider using diatomaceous earth to dehydrate immature fleas. Be sure to follow the product label closely to avoid harm to people and animals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promptly treat animals with any diseases or secondary infections. Isolation of the animal may be needed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoid moving fleas from one site to another.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Check animals closely for fleas and flea dirt before movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quarantine, inspect, and monitor new and returning animals in a separate area.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clean and disinfect contaminated bedding, grooming tools, vehicles, and other equipment before movement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For additional guidance, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/managing-disease-causing-vectors\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"725\">Considerations When Managing Vectors.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"learn-more\" class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cc98664836599ba1a7c082994be759bc\">Learn More<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Additional information on fleas, their impacts on animals, and control can be found below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-04db40967a145a52678bfd6a1012fa7b\">Fleas and flea control<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01:not(.this-stops-third-party-issues){margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 ul.kt-svg-icon-list:not(.this-prevents-issues):not(.this-stops-third-party-issues):not(.tijsloc){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 ul.kt-svg-icon-list{grid-row-gap:15px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:var(--theme-palette-color-11, #486F8C);}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap .kt-svg-icon-list-single{margin-right:5px;}.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap, .kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap a{line-height:1.2;}.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-level-0 .kt-svg-icon-list-single svg{font-size:20px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-single{border-radius:%;border-width:px;border-style:solid;padding:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 .wp-block-kadence-listitem a{text-decoration:underline;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-iconlist kt-svg-icon-list-items kt-svg-icon-list-items907_5f70c8-01 kt-svg-icon-list-columns-1 alignnone kt-list-icon-aligntop\"><ul class=\"kt-svg-icon-list\"><style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_ffe8fd-b7 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_ffe8fd-b7\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/capcvet.org\/guidelines\/fleas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CAPC: Fleas<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_ea6d31-83 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_ea6d31-83\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_file-pdf kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  role=\"img\"><title>pdf<\/title><path d=\"M181.9 256.1c-5-16-4.9-46.9-2-46.9 8.4 0 7.6 36.9 2 46.9zm-1.7 47.2c-7.7 20.2-17.3 43.3-28.4 62.7 18.3-7 39-17.2 62.9-21.9-12.7-9.6-24.9-23.4-34.5-40.8zM86.1 428.1c0 .8 13.2-5.4 34.9-40.2-6.7 6.3-29.1 24.5-34.9 40.2zM248 160h136v328c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V24C0 10.7 10.7 0 24 0h200v136c0 13.2 10.8 24 24 24zm-8 171.8c-20-12.2-33.3-29-42.7-53.8 4.5-18.5 11.6-46.6 6.2-64.2-4.7-29.4-42.4-26.5-47.8-6.8-5 18.3-.4 44.1 8.1 77-11.6 27.6-28.7 64.6-40.8 85.8-.1 0-.1.1-.2.1-27.1 13.9-73.6 44.5-54.5 68 5.6 6.9 16 10 21.5 10 17.9 0 35.7-18 61.1-61.8 25.8-8.5 54.1-19.1 79-23.2 21.7 11.8 47.1 19.5 64 19.5 29.2 0 31.2-32 19.7-43.4-13.9-13.6-54.3-9.7-73.6-7.2zM377 105L279 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7h-6v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9zm-74.1 255.3c4.1-2.7-2.5-11.9-42.8-9 37.1 15.8 42.8 9 42.8 9z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/Maddies_Textbook\/Resources\/InfectionControl\/Flea Control Measures.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CFSPH: Flea Control Measures<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_f1a50b-df .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_f1a50b-df\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EPA: Protecting Pets from Fleas and Ticks<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_094c9e-a0 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_094c9e-a0\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/poultrydvm.com\/condition\/fleas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Poultry DVM: Flea Infestation<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_b28d97-c6 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_b28d97-c6\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.veterinaryentomology.org\/sticktight-flea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Veterinary Entomology: Sticktight Flea<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d640311c246652e599b22fe8a7cfe24f\">Important diseases spread by fleas<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9:not(.this-stops-third-party-issues){margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 ul.kt-svg-icon-list:not(.this-prevents-issues):not(.this-stops-third-party-issues):not(.tijsloc){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 ul.kt-svg-icon-list{grid-row-gap:15px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:var(--theme-palette-color-11, #486F8C);}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap .kt-svg-icon-list-single{margin-right:5px;}.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap, .kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap a{line-height:1.2;}.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-level-0 .kt-svg-icon-list-single svg{font-size:20px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 ul.kt-svg-icon-list .kt-svg-icon-list-single{border-radius:%;border-width:px;border-style:solid;padding:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-iconlist.kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 .wp-block-kadence-listitem a{text-decoration:underline;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-iconlist kt-svg-icon-list-items kt-svg-icon-list-items907_bb9e42-e9 kt-svg-icon-list-columns-1 alignnone kt-list-icon-aligntop\"><ul class=\"kt-svg-icon-list\"><style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_2cc1b9-6f .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_2cc1b9-6f\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.avma.org\/plague\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AVMA: Plague<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_0a5a6e-72 .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_0a5a6e-72\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/bartonella\/hcp\/veterinary-guidance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CDC: Veterinary Guidance for Bartonella<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_9c85f8-7a .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_9c85f8-7a\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/national-wildlife-programs\/nwdp\/plague-wildlife\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">USDA: Plague in Wildlife<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<style>.kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_effde4-cb .kt-svg-icon-list-text mark.kt-highlight{background-color:unset;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<li class=\"wp-block-kadence-listitem kt-svg-icon-list-item-wrap kt-svg-icon-list-item-907_effde4-cb\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_externalLink kt-svg-icon-list-single\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6\"\/><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"\/><line x1=\"10\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kt-svg-icon-list-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.woah.org\/en\/disease\/myxomatosis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">WOAH: Myxomatosis<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: This webpage shows some of the most significant vectors of concern to domestic animals in the United States. It is not meant to be a complete resource of all arthropods, their associated diseases and conditions, or used as a diagnostic tool. Veterinary consultation is advised for clinical cases.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Importance About Fleas Identification of Fleas Fleas of Animal Health Concern The fleas listed below are common species in the United States. In certain areas, these fleas may transmit pathogens. Some examples of diseases are listed as well. Endemic diseases in animals may or may not be reportable, depending on the jurisdiction. Learn more about [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":528,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-907","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":{"page_structure_type":"type-1","styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":6}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=907"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/907\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1787,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/907\/revisions\/1787"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/vectors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}